Soot emissions released during hydrocarbon fuel combustion have a significant impact on the environment and human health. ESTiMatE is addressing the problem of these emissions, in particular for aero-engines, and is focused on the generation of accurate and reliable predictive methods for pollutant formation with a focus on soot to aid the aeronautical industry to better understand and hence reduce pollutant emissions of their engines. This requires an interdisciplinary approach where all aspects of soot formation are studied by the different partners interactively. This leads to the creation of teams covering the different aspects and activities: model development, simulation, validation, soot measurements, and efficient code development. The institute STFS is focusing on the development of detailed models to predict the formation and evolution of soot during the combustion. The models are first developed in simple configurations and validated with experimental data obtained by the project partners. The validated model is then applied to more complex configurations up to a real aero-engine combustion chamber.
For further information on the project tasks and partner institutions, find ESTiMatE here (opens in new tab).
Methodology
CFD solver: Using the Rolls-Royce in-house CFD solver PRECISE-UNS, Large-Eddy Simulations (LES) are used to describe the gas phase flow and combustion processes. Combustion is modelled using a flamelet approach available in the CFD solver.
Soot model: The split-based extended quadrature method of moments (S-EQMOM) for soot modelling was developed at STFS and validated from laboratory scale configurations up to a real aero-engine combustor. It is integrated into PRECISE-UNS and used to describe the formation and evolution of soot.
Key Scientific Takeaways
- Multidisciplinary modelling approach based on the study of kinetics, experiments and CFD.
- Development of a reliable soot model that provides good predictions at aero-engine relevant conditions.
- Integration of the developed methods into high-fidelity simulations frameworks.
- Increased predictivity and reliability of soot predictions in the aeronautical sector
Related Projects
PERseuS (opens in new tab) (2023 – 2026)
Funding and cooperation
Emission soot model (ESTiMatE) is a joint research program. It has received funding from the Clean Sky 2 Joint Undertaking under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 821418.
Publications
- Koob, Philipp; Ferraro, Federica; Nicolai, Hendrik; Eggels, Ruud; Staufer, Max; Hasse, Christian: Large Eddy Simulation of Soot Formation in a Real Aero-Engine Combustor Using Tabulated Chemistry and a Quadrature-Based Method of Moments. In: Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 2023, 146(1), ISSN: 1528-8919, doi:10.1115/1.4063376, [Article]
- Dressler, Louis; Nicolai, Hendrik; Agrebi, Senda; Ries, Florian; Sadiki, Amsini: Computation of Entropy Production in Stratified Flames Based on Chemistry Tabulation and an Eulerian Transported Probability Density Function Approach. In: Entropy 2022, 24(5), ISSN: 1099-4300, doi:10.3390/e24050615, [Article]
- Ferraro, Federica; Gierth, Sandro; Salenbauch, Steffen; Han, Wang; Hasse, Christian: Soot particle size distribution reconstruction in a turbulent sooting flame with the split-based extended quadrature method of moments. In: Physics of Fluid 2022, 34(7), ISSN: 1070-6631, doi:10.1063/5.0098382, [Article]
- Cokuslu, Ömer H.; Hasse, Christian; Geigle, Klaus P.; Ferraro, Federica: Soot Prediction in a Model Aero-Engine Combustor using a Quadrature-based Method of Moments. In: Proceedings of AAIA SciTech Forum 2022 2022, San Diego, California, USA, doi:10.2514/6.2022-1446, [Conference]
- Ferraro, Federica; Russo, Carmela; Schmitz, Robert; Hasse, Christian; Sirigano, Mariano: Experimental and numerical study on the effect of oxymethylene ether-3 (OME3) on soot particle formation. In: Fuel 2021, 286, ISSN: 0016-2361, doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119353, [Article]
- Ferraro, Federica; Gierth, Sandro; Salenbauch, Steffen; Han, Wang; Hasse, Christian: Large eddy simulation of the Delft Adelaide Flame III using a quadrature-based method of moments. In: Proceedings of European Combustion Meeting 2021 2021, Naples, Italy, doi:10.26083/tuprints-00022572, [Conference]
- Pollack, Martin; Ferraro, Federica; Janicka, Johannes; Hasse, Christian: Evaluation of Quadrature-based Moment Methods in turbulent premixed combustion. In: Proceedings of the Combustion Institute 2020, 38(2), ISSN: 1540-7489, doi:10.1016/j.proci.2020.06.127, [Article]
